Neuro & Coluna Rio provides specialized evaluation for different conditions affecting the brain, spine, cerebral blood vessels, peripheral nerves, and nervous system.
Spinal conditions can cause pain, limited movement, tingling, loss of sensation, and changes in strength. In some patients, symptoms remain localized in the cervical or lumbar region. In others, they may radiate to the arms or legs.
The investigation begins with a detailed clinical evaluation. Imaging tests and other diagnostic resources may be requested according to the symptoms presented and the specific characteristics of each case.
A herniated disc occurs when part of the disc located between the vertebrae shifts and may irritate or compress nearby nerve structures.
When it occurs in the lumbar region, it may cause back pain, pain radiating to the legs, tingling, numbness, or loss of strength. In the cervical spine, symptoms may extend to the shoulders, arms, and hands.
Many cases can initially be managed with conservative measures, such as medication, physical therapy, rehabilitation, and adjustments to daily activities. Surgery may be considered when symptoms persist despite appropriate treatment, when neurological impairment is present, or when quality of life is significantly affected.
The choice of treatment depends on the location of the herniation, the symptoms, and the findings identified during the evaluation.
Lower back pain is pain located in the lower region of the spine. It may be related to muscular changes, overuse, wear of spinal structures, herniated discs, stenosis, spinal instability, or other conditions.
The intensity of the pain does not always indicate the severity of the condition. For this reason, the evaluation considers factors such as the duration of symptoms, radiation to the legs, functional limitations, loss of strength, and changes in sensation.
Treatment may involve medical guidance, physical therapy, muscle strengthening, rehabilitation, pain management, and lifestyle changes. When nerve compression, instability, or neurological impairment is present, other approaches may be discussed.
Neck pain is pain located in the neck region. In some cases, it remains localized. In others, it may extend to the shoulders, arms, or hands.
In addition to pain, the patient may experience stiffness, tingling, loss of sensation, electric shock-like sensations, or reduced strength in the upper limbs.
The investigation seeks to determine whether the symptoms are related to muscular changes, joint degeneration, a herniated disc, narrowing of the spinal canal, or compression of the nerve roots.
The course of treatment is determined according to the cause, duration, and intensity of the symptoms. Treatment may include conservative measures, pain management procedures, or surgery when indicated.
Pain that begins in the spine and extends to the arms or legs may be related to irritation or compression of a nerve root.
In the lumbar region, this condition is often associated with sciatic pain. In the cervical spine, the pain may extend to the shoulders, arms, hands, and fingers.
A neurological evaluation is important to identify changes in strength, sensation, or reflexes. The choice of treatment depends on the cause of the compression and the impact of the symptoms on the patient’s daily life.
Stenosis is a narrowing of the space through which the spinal cord or the nerve structures of the spine pass.
In the lumbar region, it may cause pain, numbness, weakness in the legs, and difficulty walking for prolonged periods. In the cervical spine, it may cause loss of balance, reduced hand dexterity, tingling, and changes in strength.
Diagnosis may involve a neurological examination and imaging tests. Mild or moderate cases may be treated conservatively. Surgery may be considered when there is significant functional limitation, neurological compression, or progression of symptoms.
Scoliosis is a change in spinal alignment characterized by a lateral curvature, usually also associated with some degree of vertebral rotation. In addition to scoliosis, other deformities may alter the balance of the spine and interfere with posture, gait, mobility, and the distribution of loads across the spinal structures.
In adolescents, scoliosis may be identified during growth and, in many cases, does not initially cause pain. In adults, spinal deviations and deformities may be related to the progression of a pre-existing scoliosis or to degenerative wear of the discs, joints, and ligaments.
In these cases, symptoms may include lower back pain, pain radiating to the legs, muscle fatigue, loss of postural balance, and difficulty walking or standing for prolonged periods.
The evaluation involves a clinical examination, postural analysis, investigation of symptoms, and imaging tests, which help measure the degree of curvature, assess vertebral rotation, identify signs of instability, and determine whether there is compression of the nerves or spinal cord.
Treatment depends on the patient’s age, the type of deformity, the severity of symptoms, the progression of the deviation, and its impact on quality of life. Options may include periodic monitoring, physical therapy, muscle strengthening, pain management, specific rehabilitation, and, in selected cases, surgery to correct the deformity, decompress neural structures, or stabilize the spine.
The indication for surgery is always individualized and considers the potential benefits, risks, and treatment goals. The focus is to preserve neurological function, improve spinal balance, and reduce the impact of the deformity on the patient’s daily life.
Spinal instability occurs when there is excessive or abnormal movement between the vertebrae.
The patient may experience pain, a feeling of insecurity when moving the spine, functional limitations, or symptoms related to nerve compression.
The investigation is performed through a clinical examination and imaging tests. The need for surgical stabilization depends on the anatomical characteristics, the severity of the symptoms, and the presence of neurological impairment.
Nerve structures may be compressed by herniated discs, narrowing of the spinal canal, bone abnormalities, tumors, trauma, or other conditions.
Symptoms may include pain, tingling, numbness, electric shock-like sensations, and loss of strength.
The evaluation seeks to identify the location and cause of the compression. Treatment may range from clinical monitoring and rehabilitation to decompression procedures, depending on the severity of the condition.
The onset of significant loss of strength, difficulty walking, or changes in bladder and bowel control requires immediate medical evaluation.
Spinal tumors may affect the vertebrae, spinal cord, membranes surrounding the nervous system, or nearby structures.
Symptoms vary according to the location and may include persistent pain, worsening pain at night, loss of strength, changes in sensation, and difficulty walking.
The investigation may involve imaging tests and additional evaluation to determine the nature and extent of the lesion. Planning considers the type of tumor, its location, the patient’s clinical condition, and the need to preserve neurological functions.
Treatment may involve monitoring, surgery, and coordination with other specialties, depending on the diagnosis.
Endoscopic surgery uses delicate instruments and a camera to access certain spinal structures through small incisions.
This approach may be considered in selected cases of herniated discs and other conditions that cause nerve compression.
The indication depends on the location of the abnormality, the patient’s anatomy, and the goals of the procedure. Not all spinal conditions can be treated using this technique.
Not every spine surgery requires the placement of screws or other stabilization devices.
In some cases, the goal is only to remove the structure compressing the nerve or spinal cord. In others, the presence of instability, deformity, or the need for spinal fusion may make instrumentation necessary.
The decision is made after careful analysis of the tests, spinal anatomy, and the patient’s needs.
Many spinal conditions can initially be managed without surgery.
Conservative treatment may include medication, physical therapy, rehabilitation, muscle strengthening, activity adjustments, and monitoring of symptom progression.
The response to treatment must be monitored. If symptoms persist, progress, or are associated with neurological changes, a new evaluation may be necessary.
Cerebrovascular conditions affect the vessels responsible for blood circulation in the brain. These include aneurysms, vascular malformations, dural fistulas, and strokes.
The investigation may involve CT scans, MRI scans, angiography, and cerebral arteriography. The choice of treatment depends on the type of abnormality, its location, the symptoms, and the risks associated with each case.
A brain aneurysm is a localized bulge in the wall of an artery in the brain.
Some aneurysms are identified before causing symptoms. Others may be discovered after rupturing, which causes bleeding around the brain and constitutes a medical emergency.
The decision between monitoring and treatment considers factors such as size, shape, location, medical history, and estimated risk of rupture.
When indicated, treatment may be performed through conventional surgery or endovascular techniques, depending on the characteristics of the aneurysm.
Embolization is an endovascular procedure performed using catheters introduced into the arterial system.
The goal is to reduce blood flow into the aneurysm and decrease the risk of bleeding. The technique used depends on the anatomy and characteristics of the lesion.
Planning requires detailed tests and specialized evaluation to determine the most appropriate approach.
A flow-diverting stent is a device used in specific situations to redirect blood circulation and promote the progressive closure of the aneurysm.
Its indication depends on the location, shape, and size of the aneurysm, as well as the patient’s clinical condition.
Like any endovascular procedure, it requires planning, monitoring, and assessment of the potential risks and benefits.
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral artery becomes blocked, reducing or interrupting blood flow to a region of the brain.
Signs may appear suddenly and include weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, changes in comprehension, vision loss, loss of balance, and difficulty walking.
A stroke is an emergency. If sudden symptoms occur, the patient must seek medical care immediately or call SAMU at 192.
Treatment depends on the time of symptom onset, the location of the blockage, the size of the vessel involved, and the patient’s clinical condition.
Mechanical thrombectomy is an endovascular procedure used in certain cases of ischemic stroke caused by the blockage of large cerebral arteries.
Using catheters, it is possible to reach the site of the blockage and remove the clot in an attempt to restore blood flow.
The indication depends on clinical criteria and imaging tests. Time is a decisive factor in stroke care.
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel ruptures and blood leaks into or around the brain.
Symptoms may include a sudden and severe headache, changes in consciousness, weakness, vomiting, difficulty speaking, seizures, or loss of balance.
Treatment depends on the location and volume of the bleeding, the cause of the hemorrhage, and the patient’s neurological condition. Some cases require intensive clinical management. Others may require a surgical or endovascular procedure.
Sudden symptoms must be treated as a medical emergency.
Arteriovenous malformations are abnormal connections between arteries and veins without the usual network of small vessels between them.
They may be discovered during the investigation of headaches, seizures, neurological changes, or brain hemorrhages. Some are identified incidentally.
Treatment depends on the size, location, and characteristics of the malformation. Options may include monitoring, endovascular treatment, surgery, or radiosurgery, according to the evaluation of the case.
Dural fistulas are abnormal connections between arteries and veins located in the membranes surrounding the brain or spinal cord.
Symptoms vary according to the location and may include pulsatile noise in the ear, headache, visual changes, neurological symptoms, or bleeding.
A detailed vascular investigation makes it possible to understand the circulation pattern and determine whether endovascular treatment or another approach is indicated.
Cerebral arteriography is an examination performed through catheterization to provide a precise view of the blood vessels in the brain.
It may be indicated in the investigation of aneurysms, vascular malformations, fistulas, and other abnormalities of cerebral circulation.
The examination helps clarify the anatomy of the lesion and may be essential when planning a surgical or endovascular procedure.
Vascular neurosurgery encompasses techniques used to treat conditions affecting the blood vessels of the brain and spinal cord.
Depending on the condition, the approach may involve conventional surgery, an endovascular procedure, or a combination of techniques.
The choice considers the characteristics of the condition and the safety of each option for the patient.
Endovascular procedures are performed using catheters guided through the blood vessels to the region requiring treatment.
These techniques may be used in cases of aneurysms, strokes, vascular malformations, and dural fistulas.
The possibility of using an endovascular approach depends on the anatomy, diagnosis, and clinical conditions. The indication must be established after a specialized evaluation.
Neuro-Oncology is dedicated to evaluating and treating tumors affecting the brain, spinal cord, spine, and other structures of the nervous system.
Planning may involve different specialties and treatment modalities. The strategy is determined according to the type of lesion, its location, its behavior, and the patient’s clinical condition.
Central nervous system tumors comprise a diverse group of conditions. Some originate in the brain or spinal cord. Others arise in other parts of the body and spread to the nervous system.
Symptoms may vary and include persistent headaches, seizures, changes in strength, speech changes, vision loss, changes in balance, cognitive difficulties, or behavioral changes.
The investigation may involve imaging tests and, in selected situations, analysis of tissue from the lesion.
Treatment may include monitoring, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or other therapies, depending on the diagnosis and the joint evaluation of the specialties involved.
The skull base is a complex anatomical region located near nerves, blood vessels, and essential structures.
Tumors in this region may cause visual changes, hearing loss, loss of balance, facial pain, difficulty swallowing, or other neurological symptoms.
Planning requires a detailed study of the anatomy and evaluation of the potential risks and benefits of each approach. Treatment may involve monitoring, surgery, and complementary therapies.
In addition to tumors, other lesions may affect the skull base.
Their location and proximity to delicate structures require careful planning and individualized analysis. The goal is to define a strategy compatible with the nature of the lesion and the preservation of neurological functions.
Neuro-oncology planning considers the diagnosis, type of tumor, its location, its extent, and the patient’s clinical condition.
In certain cases, observation with periodic examinations may be appropriate. In others, surgery may be indicated, or coordination with clinical oncology, radiation therapy, and other specialties may be necessary.
Every decision must be discussed clearly with the patient and their family.
Neurosurgery also encompasses conditions and injuries affecting the peripheral nerves and neurological conditions related to trauma.
These conditions may cause pain, loss of sensation, weakness, and functional limitations.
Peripheral nerves connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
Trauma, compression, tumors, and other abnormalities may impair their function and cause pain, tingling, numbness, or loss of strength.
The investigation may include a neurological examination, imaging tests, and nerve function tests. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve monitoring, rehabilitation, or surgery.
Neurotraumatology focuses on the treatment of injuries to the skull, brain, spine, spinal cord, and nerves resulting from accidents and other trauma.
Severity ranges from mild cases to situations that place the patient’s life and neurological functions at risk.
Trauma accompanied by loss of consciousness, confusion, repeated vomiting, weakness, seizures, or significant behavioral changes requires emergency care.
Some neurosurgical conditions must be treated quickly, particularly when there is bleeding, compression of the brain or spinal cord, an unstable fracture, or neurological deterioration.
The course of treatment depends on the test results, the cause of the injury, and the patient’s clinical condition. Treatment may involve observation, intensive monitoring, or surgery.
A scheduled consultation does not replace emergency care in cases of severe trauma or the sudden onset of neurological symptoms.
Pain may be related to the spine, peripheral nerves, neurological conditions, or the consequences of trauma and previous procedures.
Understanding its origin is essential to determining the appropriate care.
Pain management begins by identifying the cause and understanding how the symptoms affect the patient’s daily life.
The approach may involve medication, physical therapy, rehabilitation, specific procedures, or surgery when a structural condition justifies the intervention.
The goal is to develop a care plan proportionate to the diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary procedures and monitoring the progression of symptoms.
A second opinion may be sought by patients who have received a surgical recommendation, have a complex diagnosis, or wish to better understand the available options.
During the evaluation, the patient’s medical history, symptoms, test results, and previous treatments are reviewed.
The goal is to provide an independent analysis and clarify the options for monitoring, conservative treatment, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery.
Neurological symptoms and spinal conditions may have different causes. A careful evaluation helps clarify the diagnosis and determine the next steps more safely.
Contact Neuro & Coluna Rio to check appointment availability at the Ipanema and Tijuca clinics.
